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The Book of Tobit (; from the ''Tōbith'' or ''Tōbit'',〔 and spellings are also attested; see iotacism.〕 itself from (ヘブライ語:טובי) ''Tobi'' "my good"; Book of Tobias in the Vulgate from the Greek ''Tōbias'', itself from the Hebrew Tovya "God is good") is a book of scripture that is part of the Catholic and Orthodox biblical canon, pronounced canonical by the Council of Carthage of 397 and confirmed for Roman Catholics by the Council of Trent (1546). ==Canonical status== The Book of Tobit is listed in the canon of the Councils of Hippo (393 AD), Carthage (397 AD), and Florence (1442), and is part of the canon of both the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches, although Roman Catholics often refer to it as deuterocanonical.〔 Article VI of the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England lists it as a book of the "Apocrypha". Protestants regard Tobit as apocryphal because it was not included in the Tanakh nor considered canonical by Judaism. Before the 1952 discovery of Aramaic and Hebrew fragments of Tobit among the Dead Sea Scrolls in Cave IV at Qumran, scholars believed Tobit was not included in the Jewish canon because of late authorship, estimated to be 100 AD.〔Fitzmyer, at pp. 55–57〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scrolls Content )〕 Yet the Qumran fragments, which date from 100 BC to 25 AD, agree with the Greek text existing in three different recensions and evidence a much earlier origin than previously thought.〔 These fragments evidence authorship no later than 2nd Century BC and at least contemporary to the date modern scholars ascribe to the final compilation of the Book of Daniel, which did attain canonical status.〔R. Glenn Wooden, "Changing Perceptions of Daniel: Reading Chapters 4 and 5 of Daniel," in'' From Biblical Criticism to Biblical Faith'', Brackney & Evans eds., p. 10 (Mercer Univ.Press 2007) ISBN 0-88146-052-4.〕 Other scholars have postulated that Tobit was excluded from the Jewish Scriptures for a halakhic reason, because instead of the groom as required under Jewish rabbinical law, Raguel, the bride's father, wrote the marriage document discussed in 7:16.〔 However, it could be hypothesized that some ancient Jewish rabbinic scholars may have considered Tobit to be historical. Midrash Bereishit Rabbah, an aggadic commentary on the Book of Genesis compiled circa 400–600 AD, includes a truncated Aramaic version of Tobit.〔Jared L. Olar, Introduction to the Apocrypha, Part Six: The Book of Tobit.〕 Tobit was also considered part of the Septuagint (the Greek translation/interpretation of the Hebrew bible).〔 In more contemporary times, a number of Jews in Israel sought to reclaim Tobit as part of the canon.〔Mark Bredin, Studies in the Book of Tobit: A Multidisciplinary Approach, p. 3 (T&T Clark 2006), ISBN 0-567-08229-6.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Book of Tobit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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